Casirivimab

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(Heavy chain)
QVQLVESGGG LVKPGGSLRL SCAASGFTFS DYYMSWIRQA PGKGLEWVSY ITYSGSTIYY
ADSVKGRFTI SRDNAKSSLY LQMNSLRAED TAVYYCARDR GTTMVPFDYW GQGTLVTVSS
ASTKGPSVFP LAPSSKSTSG GTAALGCLVK DYFPEPVTVS WNSGALTSGV HTFPAVLQSS
GLYSLSSVVT VPSSSLGTQT YICNVNHKPS NTKVDKKVEP KSCDKTHTCP PCPAPELLGG
PSVFLFPPKP KDTLMISRTP EVTCVVVDVS HEDPEVKFNW YVDGVEVHNA KTKPREEQYN
STYRVVSVLT VLHQDWLNGK EYKCKVSNKA LPAPIEKTIS KAKGQPREPQ VYTLPPSRDE
LTKNQVSLTC LVKGFYPSDI AVEWESNGQP ENNYKTTPPV LDSDGSFFLY SKLTVDKSRW
QQGNVFSCSV MHEALHNHYT QKSLSLSPGK
(Light chain)
DIQMTQSPSS LSASVGDRVT ITCQASQDIT NYLNWYQQKP GKAPKLLIYA ASNLETGVPS
RFSGSGSGTD FTFTISGLQP EDIATYYCQQ YDNLPLTFGG GTKVEIKRTV AAPSVFIFPP
SDEQLKSGTA SVVCLLNNFY PREAKVQWKV DNALQSGNSQ ESVTEQDSKD STYSLSSTLT
LSKADYEKHK VYACEVTHQG LSSPVTKSFN RGEC
(Disulfide bridge: H22-H96, H147-H203, H223-L214, H229-H’229, H232-H’232, H264-H324, H370-H428, H’22-H’96, H’147-H’203, H’223-L’214, H’264-H’324, H’370-H’428, L23-L88, L134-L194, L’23-L’88, L’134-L’194)

Casirivimab

カシリビマブ;

  • Immunoglobulin G1, anti-(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike glycoprotein) (human monoclonal REGN10933 γ1-chain), disulfide with human monoclonal REGN10933 κ-chain, dimer
Formula
C6454H9976N1704O2024S44
CAS
2415933-42-3
Mol weight
145233.3296

Monoclonal antibody
Treatment and prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19)

SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein

  • Protein Sequence
  • Sequence Length: 1328, 450, 450, 214, 214
  • REGN 10933
  • RG 6413

https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-monoclonal-antibodies-treatment-covid-19 November 21, 2020

Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued an emergency use authorization (EUA) for casirivimab and imdevimab to be administered together for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in adults and pediatric patients (12 years of age or older weighing at least 40 kilograms [about 88 pounds]) with positive results of direct SARS-CoV-2 viral testing and who are at high risk for progressing to severe COVID-19. This includes those who are 65 years of age or older or who have certain chronic medical conditions.

In a clinical trial of patients with COVID-19, casirivimab and imdevimab, administered together, were shown to reduce COVID-19-related hospitalization or emergency room visits in patients at high risk for disease progression within 28 days after treatment when compared to placebo. The safety and effectiveness of this investigational therapy for use in the treatment of COVID-19 continues to be evaluated.

Casirivimab and imdevimab must be administered together by intravenous (IV) infusion.

Casirivimab and imdevimab are not authorized for patients who are hospitalized due to COVID-19 or require oxygen therapy due to COVID-19. A benefit of casirivimab and imdevimab treatment has not been shown in patients hospitalized due to COVID-19. Monoclonal antibodies, such as casirivimab and imdevimab, may be associated with worse clinical outcomes when administered to hospitalized patients with COVID-19 requiring high flow oxygen or mechanical ventilation.

“The FDA remains committed to advancing the nation’s public health during this unprecedented pandemic. Authorizing these monoclonal antibody therapies may help outpatients avoid hospitalization and alleviate the burden on our health care system,” said FDA Commissioner Stephen M. Hahn, M.D. “As part of our Coronavirus Treatment Acceleration Program, the FDA uses every possible pathway to make new treatments available to patients as quickly as possible while continuing to study the safety and effectiveness of these treatments.” 

Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-made proteins that mimic the immune system’s ability to fight off harmful pathogens such as viruses. Casirivimab and imdevimab are monoclonal antibodies that are specifically directed against the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, designed to block the virus’ attachment and entry into human cells.

“The emergency authorization of these monoclonal antibodies administered together offers health care providers another tool in combating the pandemic,” said Patrizia Cavazzoni, M.D., acting director of the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “We will continue to facilitate the development, evaluation and availability of COVID-19 therapies.”

The issuance of an EUA is different than an FDA approval. In determining whether to issue an EUA, the FDA evaluates the totality of available scientific evidence and carefully balances any known or potential risks with any known or potential benefits of the product for use during an emergency. Based on the FDA’s review of the totality of the scientific evidence available, the agency has determined that it is reasonable to believe that casirivimab and imdevimab administered together may be effective in treating patients with mild or moderate COVID-19. When used to treat COVID-19 for the authorized population, the known and potential benefits of these antibodies outweigh the known and potential risks. There are no adequate, approved and available alternative treatments to casirivimab and imdevimab administered together for the authorized population.

The data supporting this EUA for casirivimab and imdevimab are based on a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in 799 non-hospitalized adults with mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms. Of these patients, 266 received a single intravenous infusion of 2,400 milligrams casirivimab and imdevimab (1,200 mg of each), 267 received 8,000 mg casirivimab and imdevimab (4,000 mg of each), and 266 received a placebo, within three days of obtaining a positive SARS-CoV-2 viral test.

The prespecified primary endpoint for the trial was time-weighted average change in viral load from baseline. Viral load reduction in patients treated with casirivimab and imdevimab was larger than in patients treated with placebo at day seven. However, the most important evidence that casirivimab and imdevimab administered together may be effective came from the predefined secondary endpoint of medically attended visits related to COVID-19, particularly hospitalizations and emergency room visits within 28 days after treatment. For patients at high risk for disease progression, hospitalizations and emergency room visits occurred in 3% of casirivimab and imdevimab-treated patients on average compared to 9% in placebo-treated patients. The effects on viral load, reduction in hospitalizations and ER visits were similar in patients receiving either of the two casirivimab and imdevimab doses.

Under the EUA, fact sheets that provide important information about using casirivimab and imdevimab administered together in treating COVID-19 as authorized must be made available to health care providers and to patients and caregivers. These fact sheets include dosing instructions, potential side effects and drug interactions. Possible side effects of casirivimab and imdevimab include: anaphylaxis and infusion-related reactions, fever, chills, hives, itching and flushing.

The EUA was issued to Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.

The FDA, an agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, protects the public health by assuring the safety, effectiveness, and security of human and veterinary drugs, vaccines and other biological products for human use, and medical devices. The agency also is responsible for the safety and security of our nation’s food supply, cosmetics, dietary supplements, products that give off electronic radiation, and for regulating tobacco products.

Related Information

Casirivimab/imdevimab, sold under the brand name REGEN-COV,[1] is an experimental medicine developed by the American biotechnology company Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. It is an artificial “antibody cocktail” designed to produce resistance against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic.[3][4] It consists of two monoclonal antibodies, casirivimab (REGN10933) and imdevimab (REGN10987) that must be mixed together.[1][5][6] The combination of two antibodies is intended to prevent mutational escape.[7]

Trials

In a clinical trial of people with COVID-19, casirivimab and imdevimab, administered together, were shown to reduce COVID-19-related hospitalization or emergency room visits in people at high risk for disease progression within 28 days after treatment when compared to placebo.[2] The safety and effectiveness of this investigational therapy for use in the treatment of COVID-19 continues to be evaluated.[2]

The data supporting the emergency use authorization (EUA) for casirivimab and imdevimab are based on a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in 799 non-hospitalized adults with mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms.[2] Of these participants, 266 received a single intravenous infusion of 2,400 milligrams casirivimab and imdevimab (1,200 mg of each), 267 received 8,000 mg casirivimab and imdevimab (4,000 mg of each), and 266 received a placebo, within three days of obtaining a positive SARS-CoV-2 viral test.[2]

The prespecified primary endpoint for the trial was time-weighted average change in viral load from baseline.[2] Viral load reduction in participants treated with casirivimab and imdevimab was larger than in participants treated with placebo at day seven.[2] However, the most important evidence that casirivimab and imdevimab administered together may be effective came from the predefined secondary endpoint of medically attended visits related to COVID-19, particularly hospitalizations and emergency room visits within 28 days after treatment.[2] For participants at high risk for disease progression, hospitalizations and emergency room visits occurred in 3% of casirivimab and imdevimab-treated participants on average compared to 9% in placebo-treated participants.[2] The effects on viral load, reduction in hospitalizations and ER visits were similar in participants receiving either of the two casirivimab and imdevimab doses.[2]

As of September 2020, REGEN-COV is being evaluated as part of the RECOVERY Trial.[8]

On 12 April 2021, Roche and Regeneron announced that the Phase III clinical trial REGN-COV 2069 met both primary and secondary endpoints, reducing risk of infection by 81% for the non-infected patients, and reducing time-to-resolution of symptoms for symptomatic patients to one week vs. three weeks in the placebo group.[9]

Authorization

On 21 November 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an emergency use authorization (EUA) for casirivimab and imdevimab to be administered together for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in people twelve years of age or older weighing at least 40 kilograms (88 lb) with positive results of direct SARS-CoV-2 viral testing and who are at high risk for progressing to severe COVID-19.[2][10][11] This includes those who are 65 years of age or older or who have certain chronic medical conditions.[2] Casirivimab and imdevimab must be administered together by intravenous (IV) infusion.[2]

Casirivimab and imdevimab are not authorized for people who are hospitalized due to COVID-19 or require oxygen therapy due to COVID-19.[2] A benefit of casirivimab and imdevimab treatment has not been shown in people hospitalized due to COVID-19.[2] Monoclonal antibodies, such as casirivimab and imdevimab, may be associated with worse clinical outcomes when administered to hospitalized people with COVID-19 requiring high flow oxygen or mechanical ventilation.[2]

The EUA was issued to Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.[2][10][12]

On 1 February 2021, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) started a rolling review of data on the REGN‑COV2 antibody combination (casirivimab/imdevimab), which is being co-developed by Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and F. Hoffman-La Roche, Ltd (Roche) for the treatment and prevention of COVID‑19.[13][14] In February 2021, the CHMP concluded that the combination, also known as REGN-COV2, can be used for the treatment of confirmed COVID-19 in people who do not require supplemental oxygen and who are at high risk of progressing to severe COVID-19.[15]

The Central Drugs Standards Control Organisation (CDSCO) in India, on 5 May 2021, granted an Emergency Use Authorisation to Roche (Genentech)[16] and Regeneron[17] for use of the casirivimab/imdevimab cocktail in the country. The announcement came in light of the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India. Roche India maintains partnership with Cipla, thereby permitting the latter to market the drug in the country.[18]

Deployment

Although Regeneron is headquartered in Tarrytown, New York (near New York City), REGEN-COV is manufactured at the company’s primary U.S. manufacturing facility in Rensselaer, New York (near the state capital at Albany).[19] In September 2020, to free up manufacturing capacity for REGEN-COV, Regeneron began to shift production of its existing products from Rensselaer to the Irish city of Limerick.[20]

Regeneron has a deal in place with Roche (Genentech)[21]to manufacture and market REGEN-COV outside the United States.[10][22]

On 2 October 2020, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals announced that US President Donald Trump had received “a single 8 gram dose of REGN-COV2” after testing positive for SARS-CoV-2.[23][24] The drug was provided by the company in response to a “compassionate use” (temporary authorization for use) request from the president’s physicians.[23]

References

  1. Jump up to:a b c “REGEN-COV- casirivimab and imdevimab kit”DailyMed. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  2. Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q “Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Authorizes Monoclonal Antibodies for Treatment of COVID-19”U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 21 November 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2020.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  3. ^ Kelland K (14 September 2020). “Regeneron’s antibody drug added to UK Recovery trial of COVID treatments”Reuters. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
  4. ^ “Regeneron’s COVID-19 Response Efforts”Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
  5. ^ Morelle R (14 September 2020). “Antibody treatment to be given to Covid patients”BBC News Online. Retrieved 14 September2020.
  6. ^ “Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Anti-Spike (S) SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibodies for Hospitalized Adult Patients With COVID-19”ClinicalTrials. 3 September 2020. Retrieved 14 September2020.
  7. ^ Baum A, Fulton BO, Wloga E, Copin R, Pascal KE, Russo V, et al. (August 2020). “Antibody cocktail to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein prevents rapid mutational escape seen with individual antibodies”Science369 (6506): 1014–1018. Bibcode:2020Sci…369.1014Bdoi:10.1126/science.abd0831PMC 7299283PMID 32540904.
  8. ^ “RECOVERY COVID-19 phase 3 trial to evaluate Regeneron’s REGN-COV2 investigational antibody cocktail in the UK”Recovery Trial. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
  9. ^ “Phase III prevention trial showed subcutaneous administration of investigational antibody cocktail casirivimab and imdevimab reduced risk of symptomatic COVID-19 infections by 81%”streetinsider.comArchived from the original on 2021-04-12. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
  10. Jump up to:a b c “Regeneron Reports Positive Interim Data with REGEN-COV Antibody Cocktail used as Passive Vaccine to Prevent COVID-19”(Press release). Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. 26 January 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2021 – via PR Newswire.
  11. ^ “Fact Sheet For Health Care Providers Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) Of Casirivimab And Imdevimab” (PDF)U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
  12. ^ “Casirivimab and Imdevimab”Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
  13. ^ “EMA starts rolling review of REGN‑COV2 antibody combination (casirivimab / imdevimab)” (Press release). European Medicines Agency (EMA). 1 February 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021. Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  14. ^ “EMA reviewing data on monoclonal antibody use for COVID-19” (Press release). European Medicines Agency (EMA). 4 February 2021. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  15. ^ “EMA issues advice on use of REGN-COV2 antibody combination (casirivimab / imdevimab)” (Press release). European Medicines Agency (EMA). 26 February 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2021. Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  16. ^https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20200818005847/en/Genentech-and-Regeneron-Collaborate-to-Significantly-Increase-Global-Supply-of-REGN-COV2-Investigational-Antibody-Combination-for-COVID-19
  17. ^ https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-approves-roche/regeneron-antibody-cocktail-to-treat-covid-19/articleshow/82407551.cms
  18. ^ “Roche receives Emergency Use Authorisation in India for its investigational Antibody Cocktail (Casirivimab and Imdevimab) used in the treatment of Covid-19 | Cipla”www.cipla.com. Retrieved 2021-05-06.
  19. ^ Williams, Stephen (3 October 2020). “Experimental drug given to President made locally”The Daily Gazette.
  20. ^ Stanton, Dan (11 September 2020). “Manufacturing shift to Ireland frees up US capacity for Regeneron’s COVID antibodies”BioProcess International.
  21. ^https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20200818005847/en/Genentech-and-Regeneron-Collaborate-to-Significantly-Increase-Global-Supply-of-REGN-COV2-Investigational-Antibody-Combination-for-COVID-19
  22. ^ “Roche and Regeneron link up on a coronavirus antibody cocktail”CNBC. 19 August 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
  23. Jump up to:a b Thomas K (2 October 2020). “President Trump Received Experimental Antibody Treatment”The New York TimesISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  24. ^ Hackett DW (3 October 2020). “8-Gram Dose of COVID-19 Antibody Cocktail Provided to President Trump”www.precisionvaccinations.comArchived from the original on 3 October 2020.

External links

asirivimab/imdevimab
REGN-COV2 binding SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.png

REGN10933 (blue) and REGN10987 (orange) bound to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (pink). From PDB6VSB6XDG.
Combination of
Casirivimab Monoclonal antibody against spike protein of SARS-CoV-2
Imdevimab Monoclonal antibody against spike protein of SARS-CoV-2
Clinical data
Trade names REGEN-COV
Other names REGN-COV2
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
License data
Routes of
administration
Intravenous
ATC code
  • None
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
DrugBank
KEGG

//////////// Casirivimab, ANTI VIRAL, PEPTIDE, SARS-CoV-2, MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY, FDA 2020, 2020APPROVALS, CORONA VIRUS, COVID 19, カシリビマブ, REGN-COV2, REGN10933+REGN10987 combination therapy, REGN 10933, RG 6413

Casirivimab with Imdevimab

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