Telcagepant Revisited

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Telcagepant structure.svg

Telcagepant, MK-0974

  • Molecular FormulaC26H27F5N6O3
  • Average mass566.523 Da
1-piperidinecarboxamide, N-[(3R,6S)-6-(2,3-difluorophenyl)hexahydro-2-oxo-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1H-azepin-3-yl]-4-(2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-1-yl)-
 CAS 781649-09-0

ChemSpider 2D Image | Telcagepant | C26H27F5N6O3

  • OriginatorMerck & Co
  • ClassAntimigraines; Piperidines
  • Mechanism of ActionCalcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonists

Migraine is a neurovascular disorder characterized by severe, debilitating, and throbbing unilateral headache. Though a leading cause of disability, it is a highly prevalent disease with a clear unmet medical need. With the significant progress achieved in the field of pathophysiology in the past decades, to date, it is well recognized that the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which is expressed mainly in the central and peripheral nervous system, plays a crucial role in migraine. Antagonism of CGRP receptors, as a potential new therapy for the treatment of migraine, could offer the advantage of avoiding the cardiovascular liabilities associated with other existing antimigraine therapies.

Image result for Telcagepant

Telcagepant (INN) (code name MK-0974) is a calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist which was an investigational drug for the acute treatment and prevention of migraine, developed by Merck & Co. In the acute treatment of migraine, it was found to have equal potency to rizatriptan[1] and zolmitriptan[2] in two Phase III clinical trials. The company has now terminated development of the drug.

Mechanism of action

The calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a strong vasodilator primarily found in nervous tissue. Since vasodilation in the brain is thought to be involved in the development of migraine and CGRP levels are increased during migraine attacks, this peptide may be an important target for potential new antimigraine drugs.

Telcagepant acts as a calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor (CRLR) antagonist and blocks this peptide. It is believed to constrict dilated blood vessels within the brain.[3]

Termination of a clinical trial

A Phase IIa clinical trial studying telcagepant for the prophylaxis of episodic migraine was stopped on March 26, 2009 after the “identification of two patients with significant elevations in serum transaminases”.[4] A memo to study locations stated that telcagepant had preliminarily been reported to increase the hepatic liver enzyme alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in “11 out of 660 randomized (double-blinded) study participants.” All study participants were told to stop taking the medication.[5]

On July 29, 2011, it was reported that Merck & Co. were discontinuing the clinical development program for telcagepant. According to Merck, “[t]he decision is based on an assessment of data across the clinical program, including findings from a recently completed six-month Phase III study”.[6]

CLIP

Image result for telcagepant

CLIP

Image result for telcagepant

Image result for telcagepant

CLIP

Asymmetric Synthesis of Telcagepant

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jo101704b

Abstract Image

As part of the process of bringing a new API to market, it is often required to use an alternative synthetic strategy to the initial medicinal chemistry approach. Here Xu et al. of Merck Rahway disclose their efforts towards an improved multikilogram synthesis of telcagepant, a CGRP receptor antagonist for the treatment of migraines ( J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 7829−7841). The route described in the report is an example of a synthetic target driving the discovery of new chemistries.

Of note are the challenges they faced and overcame in particular the asymmetric Michael addition of nitromethane to a cinnamyl aldehyde. Initial attempts under Hayashi’s conditions gave promising results (50−75% yield) and moreover confirmed a high enantioselectivity could be achieved using the Jorgensen−Hayashi catalyst. However, the use of benzoic acid as the acidic cocatalyst gave rise to undesired byproducts. After performing a comprehensive screen of conditions Xu showed that the combination of the weak acids t-BuCO2H (5 mol %) and B(OH)3(50 mol %) minimized the level of impurities. Of specific note is that this is the first reported application of iminium organocatalysis on industrial scale.

The second milestone achieved in the strategy was the prevention of the protodefluorination under hydrogenative conditions. During the initial studies between 1.06−2.5% of the desfluoro compounds were formed by using Pd(OH)2/C in 100% conversion. To suppress the by product formation Xu screened a range of inorganic additives and found that 0.3 eq of LiCl gave a reproducible reaction where less than 0.2% of the desfluoro compounds were generated.
telcagepant as its crystalline potassium salt ethanol solvate in 92% yield with >99.9% purity and >99.9% ee.
1H NMR (400 MHz, d4-MeOH): δ 7.75 (dd, J = 5.3, 1.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.38 (dd, J = 7.6, 1.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.15 (m, 3 H), 6.70 (dd, J = 7.6, 5.3 Hz, 1 H), 4.85 (d, J = 11.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.55 (m, 1 H), 4.45 (dq, J = 15.4, 9.5 Hz, 1 H), 4.27 (m, 3 H), 4.05 (dq, J = 15.4, 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.61 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 2 H), 3.46 (d, J = 15.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.16 (m, 1 H), 3.0 (m, 2 H), 2.42 (dq, J = 12.7, 4.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.27 (dq, J = 12.7, 4.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.16 (m, 3 H), 1.81 (m, 3 H). 1.18 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3 H).
13C NMR (100 MHz, d4-MeOH): δ 176.8, 166.1, 159.3, 157.4, 152.1 (dd, J = 246.8, 13.6 Hz), 149.4 (dd, J = 245.1, 13.1 Hz), 139.2, 134.7 (d, J = 11.9 Hz), 127.7, 126.3 (q, J = 279.7 Hz), 126.2 (dd, J = 7.1, 4.8 Hz), 124.3 (t, J = 3.4 Hz), 116.8 (d, J = 17.1 Hz), 114.5, 113.8, 58.5, 55.3, 55.2, 51.6, 49.9 (q, J = 33.6 Hz), 45.4, 45.3, 39.8, 35.9, 32.7, 30.74, 30.72, 18.5.
STR1 STR2

References

  1. Jump up^ Ho, Tw; Mannix, Lk; Fan, X; Assaid, C; Furtek, C; Jones, Cj; Lines, Cr; Rapoport, Am; Mk-0974, Protocol, 004, Study, Group (Apr 2008). “Randomized controlled trial of an oral CGRP receptor antagonist, MK-0974, in acute treatment of migraine”. Neurology. 70 (16): 1304–12. doi:10.1212/01.WNL.0000286940.29755.61. PMID 17914062.
  2. Jump up^ Ho TW, Ferrari MD, Dodick DW, et al. (December 2008). “Efficacy and tolerability of MK-0974 (telcagepant), a new oral antagonist of calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor, compared with zolmitriptan for acute migraine: a randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-treatment trial”. Lancet. 372 (9656): 2115–23. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61626-8. PMID 19036425.
  3. Jump up^ Molecule of the Month February 2009
  4. Jump up^ Clinical trial number NCT00797667 for “MK0974 for Migraine Prophylaxis in Patients With Episodic Migraine” at ClinicalTrials.gov
  5. Jump up^ Merck & Co.: Memo to all US study locations involved in protocol MK0974-049
  6. Jump up^ Merck Announces Second Quarter 2011 Financial Results
Telcagepant
Telcagepant structure.svg
Telcagepant-3D-balls.png
Clinical data
Routes of
administration
Oral
ATC code none
Legal status
Legal status
  • Development terminated
Pharmacokinetic data
Biological half-life 5–8 hours
Identifiers
CAS Number 781649-09-0 
PubChem (CID) 11319053
IUPHAR/BPS 703
ChemSpider 9494017 Yes
UNII D42O649ALL Yes
KEGG D09391 Yes
ChEMBL CHEMBL236593 Yes
Chemical and physical data
Formula C26H27F5N6O3
Molar mass 566.5283 g/mol
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image

1 to 10 of 14
Patent ID Patent Title Submitted Date Granted Date
US7534784 CGRP receptor antagonists 2008-11-13 2009-05-19
US7452903 CGRP receptor antagonists 2007-09-27 2008-11-18
US7235545 CGRP receptor antagonists 2005-11-17 2007-06-26
US6953790 CGRP receptor antagonists 2004-11-18 2005-10-11
Patent ID Patent Title Submitted Date Granted Date
US8394767 Methods of treating cancer using the calcitonin-gene related peptide (â??CGRPâ??) receptor antagonist CGRP8-37 2011-01-10 2013-03-12
US8080544 PRODRUGS OF CGRP RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS 2010-11-25 2011-12-20
US7893052 CGRP RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS 2010-11-25 2011-02-22
US2010286122 CGRP Antagonist Salt 2010-11-11
US7829699 Process for the Preparation of Cgrp Antagonist 2009-11-12 2010-11-09
US7772224 CGRP RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS 2009-07-30 2010-08-10
US7745427 Cgrp Receptor Antagonists 2008-04-17 2010-06-29
US7718796 Process for the preparation of Caprolactam Cgrp Antagonist 2009-05-14 2010-05-18
US2010009967 SOLID DOSAGE FORMULATIONS OF TELCAGEPANT POTASSIUM 2010-01-14
US2009176986 Process for the Preparation of Pyridine Heterocycle Cgrp Antagonist Intermediate 2009-07-09

“ALL FOR DRUGS” CATERS TO EDUCATION GLOBALLY, No commercial exploits are done or advertisements added by me. This article is a compilation for educational purposes only.

P.S. : The views expressed are my personal and in no-way suggest the views of the professional body or the company that I represent

///////////Telcagepant, MK-0974

C1CC(C(=O)N(CC1C2=C(C(=CC=C2)F)F)CC(F)(F)F)NC(=O)N3CCC(CC3)N4C5=C(NC4=O)N=CC=C5

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